Upper urinary tract infection – Bacteria Is The Problem ?
Urinary tract consists of the bladder,kidneys and ureters or urethra.Urinary tract infection is usually caused by bacteria and affects urinary tract organs and tubes.Bacteria enters the urethra and goes up to the urinary tract causing infections.At adults infections are not sever but if these infections are not treated in time can harm the kidneys and can cause complications.Most of the time bacteria come from colone and the sexual contact is usually responsible for bringing the bacteria from rectum area to genital area.
Both women and men can have urinary tract infections if they avoid to urinate in time so it’s better to avoid this thing.In some rare cases,urinary tract infections can come from blood or limfatic system bacteria. Before taking a treatment we have to do some urine tests so the doctor can tell if we have a urinary tract infection and where s this located. One of the problems is that the doctor can’t make a diagnose based only on sign and symptoms because in a lot of cases patients don’t have symptoms,or the symptoms are found in more than one type of infection,including upper urinary tract infection.
A lot of patients with a high number of bacteria found at urine tests and cystitis symptoms can have another type of infection.More than two thirds have a lower urinary tract infection and one third have an upper urinary tract infection,but this can be located for sure only having some specific localization tests.
Upper Urinary Tract Infection Causes
Pyelonephritis signs and symptoms,one of the urinary tract infections,are usually suggestive,but they don’t always reveal an upper urinary tract infection.From patients that have acute dysuria and frequent urination,only 60-70% of them have significant bacteriuria,but most of the patients that have significant bacteria usually have a kidney,bladder or urethra infection to. Acute pyelonephritis is an upper urinary tract infectionand represents a parenchyma and renal pelvis infection,which usually affects only
one kidney,both kidneys being affected only occasionally.
Upper urinary tract infection – Frequent Causes ?
The most frequent causes of pyelonephritis are the aerobic gram-negative bacteria,including most commonly Escherichia coli.All organisms that cause acute cystitis can cause acute pyelonephritis to.The treatment is based on antibiotics and the patients must be hospitalized if they are child’s,especially if they are little babies,pregnant women or they have high fever,they are dehydrated or in sepsis phase.
If the patient does not respond to antibiotics and is known that the pathogen is sensitive to antibiotics currently used,the pacient is suspect of enfizematous pyelonephritis or abscess. Glomerulonephritis is another upper urinary tract infection and represents the inflammation of renal glomeruls.This inflammation will cause damage to the glomerular basement membrane,mesangial and renal capillary endothelium.
Glomerulonephritis represents 50% of causes that lead to renal failure. Glomerulonephritis manisfests by acute renal-syndrome (acute glomerulonephritis),fast progressive renal-syndrome,nephrotic syndrome,asymptomatic urinary abnormalities and chronic renal-syndrome (chronic glomerulonephritis).Acute renal syndrome has these next symptoms:edema,oliguria,arterial hypertension, hematuria (blood presence in urine).
Fast progressive renal syndrome is an acute renal syndrome which is characterized by: rapidly progressive renal failure which if is not treated will progress to terminal chronic renal failure.Nephrotic syndrome is characterized by:proteinuria – > 3.5 g / day, hypoproteinaemia(low protein level from blood),hypoalbuminaemia(low albulim level from blood),edema,hyperlipidemia,clotting disorders,hematuria or renal failure.
Asymptomatic urinary abnormalities are: proteinuria and microscopic hematuria.The treatment is recomended for every pacient after having some tests and must prevent and treat complications,depending on the causes.
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